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Version 17.50 TurboDial 2.33 Universal Line Printer Edition ZCOMM User Manual 121 If an error aborts a file transmission (retries exhausted, etc.), batch transfers terminate. EXAMPLE: s7 *.com Sends all *.com files N.B.: The receiver must be commanded to receive the files. This command is provided for compatibility with traditional programs that do not support the superior YMODEM and ZMODEM protocols. SEE ALSO: MODEM7 batch protocol, Chapter 11. sb [-options] [PREFIX=p | ONAME=x] pathspec Send the files specified in pathspec using True YMODEMTm Protocol. The pathname, length, and modification time of each file are transmitted. Files which cannot be opened are skipped. An empty pathspec sends all files in the current directory. A directory name expands to all regular files in that directory. If an error aborts a file transmission (retries exhausted, etc.), batch transfers terminate. The sb command will send files with SEAlink protocol if the receiving program requests SEAlink. EXAMPLE: sb -k *.com Sends *.com using 1024 byte packets. N.B.: The receiver must be commanded to receive the files with an rb command. Unix and OS/2 users: sb command cannot be used to send source files that grow after the beginning of transmission. SEE ALSO: YMODEM protocol, Chapter 11, SEAlink protocol, Chapter 11. seek offset Iff a transmit file is open as a result of a f, open, or read command, position the file read pointer to offset bytes from the beginning of the file if offset is positive (or 0), or from the end of the file if offest is negative. "Seek 0" rewinds the file to its beginning. EXAMPLE: open baz; seek -20000; read<ENTER>Home Reviews the last 20000 bytes of baz. SEE ALSO: open, read, close send [-options] pathspec Send the files specified in pathspec with the Kermit protocol. The send command sends files to either a Kermit server or a regular Kermit program. EXAMPLE: send -a *.asm set[s|c] [[_]sparam string] Set String parameter sparam to string. As with all ZCOMM strings, the string must be enclosed by double quote (C) 1989 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 17 Main Commands Version 17.50 TurboDial 2.33 Universal Line Printer Edition ZCOMM User Manual 122 characters if it contains spaces, tabs, or semicolons. Character escapes must be used to represent special characters, including return and linefeed if needed. An optional leading underscore (_) prepended to sparam causes the string to be cleared by the next call command. EXAMPLE: set mprefix ATDT sets the modem dialing prefix for tone (T) EXAMPLE: set f8 \PXXXXX Assigns a five character automatically generated password (\PXXXXX character escape described in Chapter ) to function key F8. Once programmed this way, the F8 key will transmit five nonsense characters determined by the xpassword string parameter and the remote system's name as stored in the remote string parameter by the last call command. EXAMPLE: set _f1 "logout\r" Assigns the string "logout<ENTER>" to F1 until the next call command. The parameters that may be set with this command are described in Chapter 22. Case is significant in parameter names. Set without any arguments will display all non empty string parameters and their values. If the v (verbose) numeric parameter is non zero, all string parameters are displayed. The echo and lput commands may be used to display string parameters ("echo %svar"). The setc command performs string substitutions and character escape expansions on string before storing. The sets command performs string substitutions on string before storing. N.B.: Chapter 23 discusses string concatenation. EXAMPLE: sets s2 "%z1" Assigns the second token (%z1) generated by the split command to string parameter s2. If other commands are to follow on the same line, a semicolon must be used to separate the commands. EXAMPLE: set s1 "su"; goto sendit Would be illegal if the ";" were left out. A string parameter may be set to empty with set sparam "" (empty string enclosed by double quote characters). EXAMPLE: pv1; set Displays all string parameters, including all Soft Keys. (C) 1989 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 17 Main Commands Version 17.50 TurboDial 2.33 Universal Line Printer Edition ZCOMM User Manual 123 EXAMPLE: sets s8 "s9 EQUALS %s9" Substitutes the value of string parameter s9 in the argument before assigning it to s8. SEE ALSO: echo, if, keys, reskeys, ALT-K, commands N.B.: When defining function keys to be called from within the term function, do not use the t or f commands. Instead use the create or open commands to prevent excessive term function recursion. Assigning a string to a function key with the set command causes that string to be sent to the remote when the key is used within the term function. If the string begins with @, the remainder of the string is executed as a ZCOMM command. EXAMPLE: set f3 "@rb" Assigns the rb command to F3. set[s|c] [_]sparam This form of the set command allows strings containing double quote (") characters to be defined. Given with string parameter sparam, but no string, set reads string from the next line verbatim, with only the trailing CR/LF removed. The line should not begin with a space or tab unless one is required for string. This form may be used for entering strings containing double quotes. If a script is active, the next line is read from the current script file, otherwise the user is prompted for it. N.B.: This form of the set command cannot be used as the predicate of an if command. The argument should not appear as a label or telephone directory entry. EXAMPLE: set outahost @o; pk3; sp 2400; set disks "abcd"; putw "\336ATM0H1\r" Programs outahost to drop DTR ("o"), set 2400 baud, allow disks a,b,c, and d, and send an ATM0H1 (go off hook) command to the modem to busy out the telephone line. setn sparam expression The setn command stores as a decimal number the result of an arithmetic expression consisting of decimal numbers, string variables, the length of string variables denoted with %, and the oprators +, -, *, and /. The expression is evaluated strictly left to right with 32 bit precision. __________ 15. Because a failed if command would skip to the next line, the argument of the set command, and attempt to execute it as a script line. (C) 1989 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 17 Main Commands Version 17.50 TurboDial 2.33 Universal Line Printer Edition ZCOMM User Manual 124 EXAMPLE: setn vv 1+vv set? sparam condition The set? command stores a decimal number representing the result of a test condition. EXAMPLE: set? s0 S Stores the value of the S test condition (transmission speed) in string variable s0. sleep deci-seconds Sleep causes ZCOMM to pause for the specified tenths of seconds. This command may be used in a script with one or more put commands to login to a timesharing service. The presence of a character in the keyboard buffer will cause the sleep command to finish before the specified time. The maximum sleep time is 32000 tenths of seconds. Applications involving long sleep times may be better handled with the Host Operation callout queue. EXAMPLE: sleep 30 Pauses for 3 seconds. Soft Keys The Soft Keys f5-f12, fs1-fs10, fc1-fc10, fa1-fa10, fins, fdel, fhome, fend, fup, fdown, fleft, fright, fpgup, fpgdn, etc. may be programmed by set commands given in script files, including the "setup" entry in the distribution PHODIR.t file. The strings or commands assigned to these keys may be displayed with the keys or ALT-K command. To get a current list of the available soft keys (and other string parameters), keyboard the following three commands: pv1 >keylist set close; pv0 source sourcefile Accept script commands from sourcefile. The source and call commands may be nested with up to six[16] scripts open at once. If the script has a READ ONLY attribute, ZCOMM is unrestricted during execution of the script.* __________ 16. Deep nesting may require a decrease in circular buffer memory allocation. (C) 1989 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 17 Main Commands Version 17.50 TurboDial 2.33 Universal Line Printer Edition ZCOMM User Manual 125 Command lines in files accessed by the source command must begin with a tab, space, or label. Goto commands within sourcefile search for labels in the same sourcefile. Gosub commands within sourcefile access subroutines in the telephone directory accessed by the phones string parameter. EXAMPLE: bud source /usr/bin/caf/bin/callbud This telephone directory entry pat calls a separate script file containing commands to call a secret system. Placing this information in a separate file keeps it out of the main telephone directory file, which might be used on a number of computers. SEE ALSO: gosub command SPeed m Set the transmission speed ("baud rate") to m. If the speed specified is odd, or equal to 110, two stop bits are transmitted; otherwise one stop bit is transmitted. EXAMPLE: speed 1200 N.B.: Some older U.S. Robotics modems cannot accept the sustained full speed output ZCOMM is capable of. Using speed 2350 corrects such a problem with the U.S. Robotics Courier 2400. Some 1200 and 2400 bps modems work better (lower error rate) if the speed is set to slightly less than the nominal 1200 or 2400. This also applies to communications networks that cannot accept sustained full speed data, and to serial ports whose bit rate clocks are slightly fast. EXAMPLE: speed 1181 Sets the speed to 1181 bits per second with two stop bits. NB: Timesharing minicomputers often transmit from their serial ports data at higher speeds than they can accept. In extreme cases, a timesharing port that supports interactive operation at 19200 bps may not tolerate file uploads above 2400 bps. NB: Operation at extra high speeds is affected by the operating system version, device drivers, memory resident software, and the computer's hardware design. Chapter 26 describes some of the well known problems. The new generation NS16550AN or 82510 serial interface circuits should be used instead of 8250's for best results at high speed. This is important if special device drivers or TSR programs increase interrupt latency. SEE ALSO: 7e, 7o, 7m, 7s, 8n, 8g modes, handshake command (C) 1989 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 17 Main Commands Version 17.50 TurboDial 2.33 Universal Line Printer Edition ZCOMM User Manual 126 split svar Split (parse) string parameter svar into tokens stored in string parameters z0...z9 using one or more of the characters in string parameter ifs ("Internal Field Separator") to separate the tokens. ** EXAMPLE: If string parameter s1 contains "hello there folks" and ifs contains a space and tab, split s1 Assigns "hello" to z0, "there" to z1, and "folks" to z2. EXAMPLE: Let s0 contain "#1234567-This is big-time Parsing", and ifs contain "#1256- ". The command split s0 Assigns "34" to z0, "7" to z1, "This" to z2, "is" to z3, "big" to z4, "time" to z5, and "Parsing" to z6. SEE ALSO: y0...y127 string parameters, I,i,p test conditions, sets command split svar string ... uses one string for each token generated. An empty string ("") assigns the rest of svar to the next token. Otherwise, if tokens remain after the strings are exhausted, ifs is used for parsing the remaining tokens. EXAMPLE: If s0 contains "#1234567-This is ZCOMM Parsing", The command split s0 "-" "" Assigns "#1234567" to z0 and "This is ZCOMM Parsing" to z1. EXAMPLE: If s0 contains "503-621-3746", The command split s0 "-" "-" Assigns "503" to z0, "621" to z1, and "3746" to z2. SEE ALSO: ss command, scripts, Chapter 99 ss svar regular-expression String Split svar according to regular- expression. ** Regular expressions are described in Chapter 23. The entire matched string (if any) is stored in the z0 string parameter. Matched groups are stored in the z1...z9 string parameters. Parameters which do not receive a matched string or substring are set empty. EXAMPLE: If string parameter s0 contains From: Captain Midnight To: HBO Inc. then the command ss s0 "From: (.*) To: (.*)" places "Captain Midnight" in z1 and "HBO Inc." in z2. In this case, z0 will contain the entire contents of s0. (C) 1989 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 17 Main Commands Version 17.50 TurboDial 2.33 Universal Line Printer Edition ZCOMM User Manual 127 SEE ALSO: split command, regular-expressions Chapter 23 st [-options] pathspec Send the files specified in pathspec using the Telink (FIDO) batch Protocol. The pathname, length, and modification time of each file are transmitted. Files which cannot be opened are skipped. An empty pathspec sends all files in the current directory. A directory name expands to all regular files in that directory. If an error aborts a file transmission (retries exhausted, etc.), batch transfers terminate. EXAMPLE: st *.com Sends *.com N.B.: The receiver must be commanded to receive the files. SEE ALSO: Telink protocol, Chapter 11. sum pathspec Checksums the named text files with an alogrithym compatible with sum(1) on Version 7 Unix (sum -r on System III/V). Carriage returns, and all characters starting with the first instance of CPMEOF (^Z) are excluded. This processing allows comparison of plain ASCII source files stored on the different systems, but not binary files. The checksum is printed in octal, followed by a count of 512 byte blocks and bytes read. EXAMPLE: sum *.c Checksums all C source files in the current directory. SEE ALSO: crc, wc commands sx [-options] file Send a single file using the Ward Christensen XMODEM or XMODEM-CRC protocol. The receiving program may request use of a 16 bit CRC, which is more accurate than the default checksum. DOS/Unix files sent this way will have Control-Z (CPMEOF) garbage characters appended to make the file length a multiple of 128. EXAMPLE: sx foo.com EXAMPLE: sx -k foo.com Sends foo.com using 1024 byte blocks N.B.: The receiver must be commanded to receive the file with an rx filename or rc filename command. SEE ALSO: XMODEM, XMODEM-1k, XMODEM-CRC protocols, Chapter 11. sz [-options] [PREFIX=p | ONAME=x] pathspec Send the files specified in pathspec using ZMODEM Protocol.[17] (C) 1989 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 17 Main Commands Version 17.50 TurboDial 2.33 Universal Line Printer Edition ZCOMM User Manual 128 N.B.: If the remote supports ZMODEM AutoDownload, or accepts rz followed by carriage return as a command to receive files with ZMODEM protocol, only the sz command need be given. Otherwise, the receiver must be commanded to receive the files with an rz command or menu choice. The +, a, b, n, N, r, y, and Z options are sent to the receiving program. Only one of the a, b, or r options may be specified. Only one of the +, n, N, or y options may be specified. The pathname, length, and modification time of each file are transmitted. Files which cannot be opened are skipped. An empty pathspec sends all files in the current directory. A directory name expands to all regular files in that directory. If ONAME=x is given after the options (if any) and before the file name(s), x will be used exactly as given as the COMPLETE destination pathname instead of each file's actual pathname. It is the sender's responsibility to use lower case for x unless the filename is really supposed to be all caps. EXAMPLE: sz -y ONAME=B:/spiked/secret /soviet/sdi/newlaser.doc Results in the destination file secret on drive B: in the /spiked directory. (Destination directories must exist and be writable). If instead PREFIX=p is given after the options (if any) and before the file name(s), p will be added to the destination pathname(s) as a prefix. It is the sender's responsibility to use lower case for p unless the prefix is really supposed to be all caps. EXAMPLE: sz -y PREFIX=C:/foobaz/ /biff/bam/aardvark.wak Results in the destination file "C:/foobaz/aardvark.wak" EXAMPLE: sz *.com Sends all files with a .com extension. EXAMPLE: sz -r ??log Crash Recovery sends only the new data if the receiver has incomplete versions of these files. EXAMPLE: sz -fn src/*.c src/*.h maildir Sends only newer .c and .h files in the src subdirectory, and all new files in the maildir subdirectory. ______________________________________________________________________ 17. The receiver may use the sz command to send files by uploading an sz command with the zcommand command. (C) 1989 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 17 Main Commands Version 17.50 TurboDial 2.33 Universal Line Printer Edition ZCOMM User Manual 129 EXAMPLE: zcommand "sz -fn /bin /wp" commands a remote ZCOMM system in Host Operation (unrestricted) to send all new files in the /bin and /wp directories. EXAMPLE: sz -Yn *.c Sends only newer versions of files that already exist at the destination. EXAMPLE: sz -Rf usera Sends all files in the usera directory and all subdirectories thereof. Directories are not sorted when the R option is used on 16 bit systems. SEE ALSO: ZMODEM protocol, Chapter 11, Options, Chapter 17. szb [-options] [PREFIX=p | ONAME=x] pathspec As above, but "falls back" to YMODEM if the receiver cannot receive files with ZMODEM protocol. Because of the YMODEM fallback, szb is not as error resistant as the sz command. t [-modes] [capturefile] Invokes the term function for conversational access to the remote. Normally, ZCOMM will remain in the termfunction until the user keyboards F1. If capturefile is specified, any currently opten capture file is closed and capturefile is opened. A file previously opened by "t file" is not closed by a t command given without an argument. EXAMPLE: t file1 Creates file1 to capture data sent by the remote in interactive conversation. SEE ALSO: create command If a file upload begun by an f or open command were in progress, the upload will resume with the t command subject to the g mode. In host operation, "t file" begins data capture, and received characters are not echoed. When the remote sends ETX, EOT, or Ctrl-Z, file is closed and the term function exits. EXAMPLE: t comments.txt<ENTER> jabber ... jabber ... Ctrl-Z Optional modes may be enabled to modify the display, storage, or transmission of information. Subcommands available from the term function are explained in (C) 1989 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 17 Main Commands Version 17.50 TurboDial 2.33 Universal Line Printer Edition ZCOMM User Manual 130 Chapter 19. Characters special to the term function are also described in Chapter 19. timestamp * Iff a capture file is open, write out the circular buffer. Then write a line containing the remote system name, number of characters transmitted from disk, the number of characters received to disk, average characters received per second, [18] the date and time, and the term function status line information (time, modes, etc.) to the file and to the display. EXAMPLE: timestamp; echoc "End: %e Errors" Timestamp: vif 0 127857 97/sec 1342:37 07-09-86 01 24 13:42 21:50 28672 2:1200 7e EhjSt >cis0709.tmp Allsig Ends: 0 Errors The character counts are reset when the corresponding files are opened. SEE ALSO: restime, ALT-E commands, E test condition, t string parameter trs svar string1 string2 String1 and string2 are first processed for character escapes. Then translate string variable svar from the character set in string1 into the character set in string2. * Characters in String1 with no corresponding character in String2 are deleted. Characters in svar not appearing in String1 are not modified. The "trs" command may not be used in the body of a "while" command. EXAMPLE: trs s0 "\\{}" "/" Changes backslashes to slashes, and removes "{" and "}" characters. TYPe pathspec Type the specified file(s). This command closes any open transmit file. ZCOMM automatically detects SQueezed files and prints them in ASCII.* Type pauses/resumes printing with ^S. Keyboarding ^C or Ctrl-Break cancels, and ^X skips to the next file. <Ctrl-Home> clears the screen without pausing, avoiding scrolling. SEE ALSO: browse, list, page commands, Unix b, bro, typ commands EXAMPLE: type *.txt *.doc __________ 18. Since the last call or restime command. (C) 1989 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 17 Main Commands Version 17.50 TurboDial 2.33 Universal Line Printer Edition ZCOMM User Manual 131 unrestrict Prompts for a password and unrestricts ZCOMM if the password exactly matches the contents of the unrestrict string parameter. If unrestrict is empty or the given password does not match in three attempts, the call is immediately terminated. Unrestrict is used in Host Operation by a caller who wishes unrestricted access to ZCOMM's computer to view confidential files or perform maintenance. EXAMPLE: unrestrict Prompts for a password (to match the unrestrict parameter), then allows three tries to enter it correctly. SEE ALSO: Host operation usq pathspec * Unsqueeze the specified files back to their original form. If pathspec is empty, ZCOMM checks all files in the current directory and unsqueezes those that are found to be SQueezed. If pathspec contains the name of a directory, all files in that directory are checked. Iff a file has not been SQueezed, ZCOMM will complain and proceed to the next file. ZCOMM checks the first word of the file(s) to determine whether that file is SQueezed. If the SQueezed file has been encrypted, such as a Demand Upgrade(TM) copy of ZCOMM, ZCOMM will fetch the key file relative to the current directory for use in decrypting. N.B.: The original pathname and the keyfile pathname (if present), stored in the SQueezed file is interpreted relative to the current directory. EXAMPLE: cd /tmp; usq a: Unsqueezes all the SQueezed files on A:, placing the output files relative to /tmp. EXAMPLE: usq ZCOMM.EQE Unsqueezes an encrypted Demand Upgrade(TM) copy of ZCOMM. The key file (such as yampc08.key) must be in the current directory. videobios N Sets the video BIOS mode to N. This command is useful for accessing the high resolution super EGA display text modes, such as 100 columns by 75 lines corresponding to high resolution 800x600 displays. The $ and # mumeric parameters must be separately set to agree with the new BIOS video mode. The action of the video ROM BIOS to specific values depends on the particular EGA/VGA ROM BIOS used. To support boards using an extended code in the bl register, calculate N = bl + (256 * al). Some codes produce spectacular unpredictable results. This command is restricted, and is available on medium model DOS flavors only. EXAMPLE: videobios 3 Sets BIOS video mode 3 (80x25). (C) 1989 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 17 Main Commands Version 17.50 TurboDial 2.33 Universal Line Printer Edition ZCOMM User Manual 132 SEE ALSO: V and W numeric parameters w Writes the contents of the circular buffer to the capture file. wait [-mode] Wait activates the term function to search for each pattern that has been defined with the pattern command. If a file has been opened with the create or t file commands, buffer capture continues during the wait command. If a file upload (inititated by an f file command) was in progress, the upload will resume with the wait command subject to the g mode. Script execution resumes when the wait command returns because of a pattern match, timeout, no carrier detect, or keyboarded F1. The wait command's pattern search timeout is effective even if no search patterns have been set with the pattern command. SEE ALSO: pattern, put, putw commands, fN mode wc pathspec Counts lines, words, printing characters, and all characters for the specified files. The totals are then presented. Characters beginning with CPMEOF (^Z) are excluded.[19] The count of printing characters is useful for estimating laser toner and printer ribbon usage. EXAMPLE: wc *.c *.h SEE ALSO: crc, sum commands while condition rest-of-line Scripts must often repeat a command or set of commands while some condition remains true. The while command executes the command(s) on the rest of the line while condition is true. Chapter 24 describes testable conditions. An inadvertently generated while loop may be stopped by keyboarding NUKE (ALT-N). N.B.: The rest of the line must not contain an if command or semicolons separating commands. While commands may not be nested. EXAMPLE: pat 1 "ogin:"; while !1 put "\r" wait -f1 Repeatedly sends a carriage return until the remote responds with "Login:".[20] __________ 19. The line and word counts agree with the Unix word count program, but the character count will differ because of CR characters not stored in most Unix text files. The Unix word count program does not have a count of printing characters. 20. The "L" in "Login" is not searched for on purpose. On Unix systems, the "l" is not always capitalized. (C) 1989 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 17 Main Commands Version 17.50 TurboDial 2.33 Universal Line Printer Edition ZCOMM User Manual 133 EXAMPLE: while "!1&&L<5" put "\r" wait -f1 Works as above, but only tries 5 times. x (eXit) Writes and closes any open files, releases ownership of the serial port, then exits to the operating system without disconnecting the phone line.[21] Exit status is the value of the ? numeric parameter. This command is not allowed if Restricted. xpc ... * The ZCOMMXPC flavor of ZCOMM supports the Tymnet(TM) X.PC link level protocol with the xpc commands. See a following subchapter of Chapter 16 for a more detailed description of the X.PC packet driver and the xpc commands that control it. zcommandi COMMAND Send COMMAND with ZMODEM protocol, do NOT wait for command completion. EXAMPLE: zcommandi "!make whoopie" zcommandic COMMAND Process COMMAND for string substitutions and character escapes and send with ZMODEM protocol, do NOT wait for command completion. zcommandw COMMAND Send COMMAND to the remote with ZMODEM protocol. ZMODEM assures an error free command upload. Wait for COMMAND to complete on the remote. Store the command's exit value in the ? numeric parameter, available to the ? test condition. N.B.: With the exception of sz, no command that involves the serial port may be the argument of zcommand. EXAMPLE: zcommandw "sz foo.bar" Causes the remote to send a file with ZMODEM protocol. EXAMPLE: zcommandw "!ls -l | sz -a -" Causes a remote Unix system to send a file containing a directory listing to ZCOMM. As a special case, zcommandw with an empty command fetches the remote's disk file system free character count. This quantity is then available to the R test condition. EXAMPLE: zcommandw ""; if "R>10000" sz hugefile Fetches the free __________ 21. On some Unix systems, the operating system may alter the state of the serial port after ZCOMM exits. (C) 1989 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 17 Main Commands Version 17.50 TurboDial 2.33 Universal Line Printer Edition ZCOMM User Manual 134 disk space from the remote, and sends hugefile if the destination's free space is greater than 10000 kilobytes. zcommandwc COMMAND Process COMMAND for string substitutions and character escapes and send with ZMODEM protocol, wait for command completion. zmodem Used as a prefix to the p command to select the "zmodem" parameters, or by itself to select the ZMODEM protocol for commands which operate in a choice of protocols depending on past history. EXAMPLE: zmodem !!sz *.* Uses ZMODEM to send a command to the remote machine to send all the files in its current directory. _ Enter a disgnostic routine that prints information about each keystroke entered. Keyboarding LF (Ctrl-Enter) exits the _ (underscore) command. When a key is struck, the scancode, modified scancode, and the shift state are displayed in decimal. The modified scancode is either the raw scancode as returned by the BIOS or 224 added to the ZCOMM internal code iff the raw scancode equals 224. The ZCOMM internal code for the key (usually the ASCII value) is displayed in octal. This command may be used for exploring keyboard encoding and preparing alternate keyboard mappings for use with the mk command. SEE ALSO: mk command ![%][~]command Execute command (either a program or a DOS built-in command) as a subprogram. A leading % (percent sign) processes Command for string parameter substitutions. See Chapter 16.6 for details on DOS Gateways and Unix Shell Escapes. SEE ALSO: obey command !!host-command Sends the rest of the line (after !!) to a remote ZMODEM program or Kermit server for execution on the server machine. host-command is not processed for string parameters. This is a convenient alternative to remote host host-command-string particularly if host-command contains spaces. label: A label begins at the first column and ends with a colon. One or more commands may appear on the same line separated from the label by white space. A label may have the same name as a directory entry provided the directory entry appears first in the script file. N.B.: a label differs from a directory entry, which does't end with a colon. When ZCOMM encounters the next directory entry in script (C) 1989 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 17 Main Commands Version 17.50 TurboDial 2.33 Universal Line Printer Edition ZCOMM User Manual 135 processing, an automatic "return" is performed. EXAMPLE: if 1 goto cond1 echo "Pattern 1 not matched" cond1: echo "processing continues" foosys speed 2400 666-1234 t :comment A colon as first character in a command causes the rest of the command line to be ignored. This is also useful for "commenting out" commands in script files. EXAMPLE: : this line does nothing at all ; Semicolon is a command delimiter which may be used in place of RETURN to place multiple commands on a line. Since commands such as echo, set, sb, pattern, list, and type take an indefinite number of operands, the semicolon must be used to string such commands together. EXAMPLE: sb *.c; off Batch transmits all *.c files, then puts the modem on hook and exits to DOS. Semicolon is not a command delimiter if it is escaped by a backslash or if it appears within a quoted string. EXAMPLE: pat 0 ";" Sets pattern 0 to search for a semicolon. Commands that take a fixed number of arguments may be strung together without a semicolon unless otherwise noted. EXAMPLE: port 1 speed 1200 <file Redirects input used by the command prompt and review function. When reading input from file, certain characters are special: ~ Accept the next character verbatim. | Sleep for one second. '' Double quote echoes succeeding characters to the display with highliting until the next double quote is encountered. On end of file, a ^U is returned and input reverts to the keyboard. The file rev on the demonstration disk is a typical file which might be used with the < command. >[>]outfile Redirects output from succeeding utility commands and debug output (if the v numeric parameter is non zero) to outfile. Capture from the circular buffer is also enabled, but there is no (C) 1989 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 17 Main Commands Version 17.50 TurboDial 2.33 Universal Line Printer Edition ZCOMM User Manual 136 automatic writing of the circular buffer to the file on close. >>outfile appends to outfile. The output redirection is canceled by the close command or by > without a filename. DOS predefined device names such as "prn" may be used. The syntax of ZCOMM's redirection differs from that used by DOS and UNIX. ZCOMM's output must be redirected before the command(s) are given, and the redirection stays in effect until explicitly canceled. ZCOMM's command prompt is not redirected. EXAMPLE: bdump file0 kill >file1 dump file0 close Dumps the contents of the modem input buffer to file0. Output is then redirected to file1 and contents of file0 are displayed in side by side hex/ascii format. Note that the create and t filename commands do not redirect utility command output to the file. 17.2 Function Key Commands Some function keys are recognized at the command prompt. Function key commands may not be mixed with any other character. For example, keyboarding "t PgUp" elicits an error bell. Some scrips redefine the function keys. The standard assignments may be restored with a gosub setup command. F2 From the command prompt, F2 enters term function. SEE ALSO: t [file] command Up Select the previous command in the command stack for reentry. Down Select the next command in the command stack for reentry. Home,PgUp,End Enter the review function. F3...F10 Function keys F3 to F10 are programmed by set commands in the "setup" directory in the distributed telephone directory. The key definitions in PHODIR.t may be modified or removed at your discretion. F3 Receives files with YMODEM protocol, or XMODEM. [22] (C) 1989 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 17 Function Key Commands Version 17.50 TurboDial 2.33 Universal Line Printer Edition ZCOMM User Manual 137 F4 Invokes TurboLearn Script Writer(TM) to record keystrokes and computer dialog, then generates a script using this information. If ZCOMM is not currently connected to a system, the script called by F4 prompts the user for telephone number, baud rate, and parity. When recording is finished, the script prompts for a pathname to store the completed TruboDial script in. F5 On Unix systems, begin background operation and issue a sub shell for the user. ZCOMM operation proceeds with screen output suppressed. If ZCOMM should require keyboard input before the user returns, ZCOMM waits for the user to return. F6 Prompts for a file name, then receives that file with the XMODEM- CRC protocol. ZCOMM will revert to the basic XMODEM protocol after a few timeouts if the sender does not support CRC-16. F7 Prompts for a file name, then transmits that file with XMODEM protocol. If the file name includes wildcard characters, or if more than one file name is given, or if a directory name is given, YMODEM protocol will be used. F8 Generates and transmits a password based on the called system's name and the string parameter xpassword. * This command is valid only when called from the term function. F9 Calls a script to add a new system entry to the Telephone Directory. The script prompts for a system name, and checks for duplications with entries currently in the Phone Directory. The script prompts for comments which will display when that system is called. Speed and parity are then prompted for, and the entry is added to the end of the Phone Directory. F10 Invokes the "help" command or help processor. Shift-F1 List the Phone directory. Shift-F2 Search Phone Directory for system names matching user supplied string. Shift-F3 List voice calls in the Phone Directory. ______________________________________________________________________ 22. ZCOMM generates a file name if the sending program does not provide one. (C) 1989 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 17 Function Key Commands Version 17.50 TurboDial 2.33 Universal Line Printer Edition ZCOMM User Manual 138 Shift-F4 Dsconnect the modem from telephone line (hang it up). Shift-F5 Prompt for a system name and add a command to call it to the circular dialing queue. List the queue contents. Shift-F6 Run (execute) the circular dialing queue. The following function keys are valid at the main command prompt, from the term function, and from the review function. Ctrl-Home Resets display modes and clears the screen. ALT-C Writes the circular buffer to disk and closes any open send or receive file(s). ZCOMM complains if no files were open. SEE ALSO: close command ALT-D Lists the current directory of the default disk. SEE ALSO: dirr command ALT-M Toggles keyboard mapping. SEE ALSO: display mapkb command, N numeric parameter ALT-R Enter the review function. SEE ALSO: review command ALT-S Displays status on the local screen only, even if ZCOMM is in host operation. SEE ALSO: s command ALT-U Toggles Upper case conversion of keyboard and file characters sent with the term function ( t, f, F2 commands). The answerback and programmed strings are not affected. Protocol file transfers are not affected. The u mode is reset by the call command. SEE ALSO: u mode ALT-W Writes the circular buffer to the receive file. Equivalent to the main w command. SEE ALSO: w command F1...FA10 etc. The Soft Keys can be programmed (with "set" commands) either to send a string of characters to the remote or to invoke a ZCOMM command sequence. Iff the string begins with "@", the remainder of the string is treated as a ZCOMM command. No strings are sent to the remote from the command prompt or from the review function. (C) 1989 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 17 Function Key Commands Version 17.50 TurboDial 2.33 Universal Line Printer Edition ZCOMM User Manual 139 The soft keys can be changed for each remote system or different application programs, with set commands embedded in the appropriate telephone directory entry. The ALT-K key displays the strings assigned to these keys. There are 48 soft keys, f1 to f12,fs1 to fs12,fc1 to fc12,fa1 to fa12, plus some of the cursor keys. ( fs1 is obtained by Shift-F1. fc1 is obtained by Ctrl-F1. fa1 is obtained by Alt-F1.) In addition, the cursor keys may be reassigned to send strings to the remote when in the term function. To list them, set the v (verbose) parameter non zero ("pv1"), then give a "set" command. Most soft keys have names beginning with f, and are described in Chapter 22. 17.3 Browse Command BROwse pathspec browses through the specified files. If pathspec is empty, all files are presented. For each matched pathname, the filename, date, and length are displayed. The status line displays some of the possible (one letter) commands. EXAMPLE: >>>c:bro *.c CFLOW.C 13:18:10 02-25-86 6072 ? app, back, copy, Del, mv, next, page, sz, S, quit, {rR}ead, usq, view, !, @ a, A Prompts for a pathname and then appends the current file to it. Both DOS and CP/M format files are handled correctly. The A choice then deletes the file. b Backs up to the previous file. Browse will not back up past a deleted or renamed file. c prompts for a target pathname. The resulting DOS command copy file target is executed by a copy of COMMAND.COM. Target may include the switches available with the DOS copy command. The pathnames given must be legal for DOS, with \ separating directories from filenames.[23] EXAMPLE: c Copy to: a: SEE ALSO: "HINT" below __________ 23. Unless the DOS SWITCHAR has been changed to "/". (C) 1989 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 17 Browse Command Version 17.50 TurboDial 2.33 Universal Line Printer Edition ZCOMM User Manual 140 D Deletes the file. SP, CR skip to the next file. r, R The R subcommand first kills the circular buffer. Then read the file (or as much as will fit) into the circular buffer, then call the review function. The review function subcommands can be used to page back and forth through the file, write portions of the buffer to files, and so on. If review is exited with the file still open, browse closes it. This subcommand is not available if Restricted. SEE ALSO: review function n Sends the file with the ZMODEM n option (send file only if the source is newer than the destination). S sends the selected file with XMODEM protocol. The user must start an XMODEM receive on the other machine. s sends the selected file with ZMODEM or YMODEM Protocol and 1kb packets. If the other program has ZMODEM AutoDownload enabled (Z mode) the file transmission will be automatic. Otherwise, the user must start a YMODEM or ZMODEM receive on the other machine. The s and S subcommands are useful when issued by a remote caller browsing through files in a directory. t Tail reads the tail of the file into the circular buffer and displays the last 24 lines. Q, X Quit ends the file list. X is provided for the convenience of users accustomed to the wash and sweep programs. V, Ctrl-V View the file, whether it is a regular or SQueezed file. ! prompts for a DOS command and then attempts to execute it. Some DOS commands that might be useful are rename, del, print, move, emacs, mince, edlin, chkdsk, and chmod. When entering the DOS command, a keyboarded % is replaced by the pathname of the currently selected file. Please refer to the ! command for details and caveats. EXAMPLE: !emacs % calls EMACS to edit the selected file. @ Prompts for a ZCOMM command, and then executes that command as if it had been entered at the main command prompt. The @ subcommand should not be used for any command that involves file names. EXAMPLE: @display vt100 (C) 1989 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 17 Browse Command Version 17.50 TurboDial 2.33 Universal Line Printer Edition ZCOMM User Manual 141 * Any other letter redisplays the file information and repeats the prompt. After the file list is exhausted, ZCOMM prints the free storage remaining on the default disk. HINT: Use a directory command to change the order in which the files are presented for the browse command. For example, assume we have a directory src on drive c: (hard disk) and a floppy drive F: with a scratch disk inserted. The command sequence dirt f: browse c:/src displays each file in the src directory beginning with the newest. Typing c tells ZCOMM you want to copy the file. When ZCOMM asks for the filename, just hit <CR> and the file is copied. (The resulting command to command.com is "COPY c:/src/file"). This sequence may be used to "clean up" a directory. 17.4 DOS Gateway A "Shell Escape" or "DOS Gateway" executes a DOS COMMAND (a program or command) as a subroutine. If the first non white-space character of the line is !, the entire line, less the !, is executed as a DOS command, as if it were typed to DOS in the absence of ZCOMM. If the ! command is not the first command on the line, the command string must conform to ZCOMM's rules pertaining to strings. DOS Gateways are not allowed if ZCOMM is RESTRICTED. If the next character is % the rest of the command is processed for string substitutions. If DOS fails to execute COMMAND.COM, (actually, the program specified in COMSPEC), the message Shell Escape DOS error return = N is displayed. The usual DOS error returns are 1002,1005,1008,1010, and 1011, which are the DOS error return values + 1000: 2 File not found (COMMAND.COM) 5 Access Denied 8 Insufficient memory 10 Invalid environment 11 Invalid format Return values less than 1000 are returned by the application but are lost by current versions of COMMAND.COM. The return value is saved in the ? numeric parameter and may be tested with the ? test condition. (C) 1989 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 17 DOS Gateway Version 17.50 TurboDial 2.33 Universal Line Printer Edition ZCOMM User Manual 142 EXAMPLE: !whereis thebeef.* Uses the public domain WHEREIS.COM program to find certain files on the hard disk. EXAMPLE: !dir >foo Generate a directory listing, with output redirected by DOS to foo. The command line keys !dir keys displays the soft keys, executes a DOS "dir" command without arguments, and then displays the soft keys again, while the command line !dir keys calls DOS to print directory information for the file keys. ! commands are interpreted by DOS's COMMAND.COM; Batch files and built-in commands may be invoked as well as programs. Some useful DOS built-in commands are rename, copy, date, and time. Caution should be exercised with commands that affect disk files if ZCOMM has files open at the time. Programs that remain resident in low memory (such as spoolers) should NOT be invoked from ZCOMM unless they are already resident, as memory would become fragmented. Invoking the DOS "print" command (if print isn't already resident) has caused DOS to crash when ZCOMM exits. Memory available for !command will be less than when the command is given directly to DOS without ZCOMM running. The command "!chkdsk" will display the amount of memory available for subprograms. NOTE: Some commands under some conditions may cause DOS to crash immediately, after more commands are given, or when the user attempts to return to DOS, especially if insufficient memory is available. The EXEC functions of nonstandard operating systems are notorious sources of interesting debugging experiences. Before executing a ! command, ZCOMM restores the modem port's Interrupt Service Routine's previous interrupt vector and interrupt enable bits. ZCOMM also synchronizes the BIOS display driver. After return from the DOS command, ZCOMM enables DTR, the ISR vector, interrupts on the modem port, and resumes direct control of the display. If the command name begins with "%" (per cent sign) the remainder of the command string is processed for string substitution (but not character escapes). EXAMPLE: set s0 this.txt !%mv %s0 bakdir If the command name (after an optional leading "%") begins with ~ (tilde), ZCOMM does NOT restore the modem port's Interrupt Service Routine's previous interrupt vector and interrupt enable bits. The called program may then access the modem with the ROM BIOS interrupt (C) 1989 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 17 DOS Gateway Version 17.50 TurboDial 2.33 Universal Line Printer Edition ZCOMM User Manual 143 hex 14, which is mapped to ZCOMM's modem service routines during the execution of the !~ command. When the modem is accessed this way, incoming characters are buffered in ZCOMM's interrupt buffer, preventing loss of characters when scrolling above 300 bits per second. Unlike the ROM BIOS routines (which are a compromise to allow driving serial printers), the ZCOMM int 14h handler does not depend on the state of DSR or CTS. This interface allows other programs to perform specialized functions, such as graphic screen operation or special CRT terminal emulation. One such program is COMSH.EXE available on Compuserve's Programmers' Special Interest Group (GO PCS-158).[24] EXAMPLE: !~comsh The ZCOMM BIOS EMULATOR replacing the int 14h modem service routine accepts the standard BIOS INT 14h functions encoded in the AH register as described in the IBM Technical Reference Manual. Since the modem port is selected by ZCOMM, the DX register is ignored. The character ready status bit reflects whether ZCOMM's modem interrupt buffer has one or more characters waiting. The !~ command uses special logic to allow programs to exit gracefully when carrier detect is lost. __________ 24. COMSH supports graphic images transmitted by Compuserve's Weather Radar service. (C) 1989 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 17 Protocol File Transfer OPTIONS Version 17.50 TurboDial 2.33 Universal Line Printer Edition ZCOMM User Manual 144 18. OPTIONS for Protocol File Transfers Options modify the way the protocol file transfer commands send and receive files. They are reset before each command line. The a and b options are mutually exclusive. With ZMODEM, a b option given to the sender or receiver will override any a option. The +, r, N, n, p, and y options are mutually exclusive. The Y option may be followed by the +, r, n, or N option. Specifiying these options to the receiver overrides the ZMODEM sender's specification of these options. + When receiving to a file already on disk, append the new data to the old file (if one exists). This option is not allowed if ZCOMM is Restricted. When sending files with ZMODEM, the + option commands the receiver to append to a file already on the receiver's disk. EXAMPLE: sz -+ ONAME=master.log *.log sends all .log files in the current directory to be appended to master.log on the receiver's computer. 7 Strip data to 7 bits for file transfers with the Kermit protocol. Program images and other 8 bit binary files cannot be sent this way. In the absence of the 7 option ZCOMM transfers all 8 bits of each byte. If the communications line is set to 8 bits no parity, the 8th bit is tranmitted, otherwise ZCOMM requests 8th bit quoting. NOTE: The 7 option is distinct from the 7e and 7o modes. a (ASCII) The a option applies to files received with XMODEM, YMODEM, or ZMODEM protocol. It converts newlines not preceded by CR to CR/LF pairs. NULL, RUBOUT, and all characters in each packet beginning with Ctrl-Z are excluded. The a option is useful when receiving text files without carriage returns directly from Unix systems. When sending with ZMODEM, the a option instructs the receiver to convert text files to the conventions used in its operating environment. The a option does not apply to Kermit. Files transferred with the a option cannot be processed with the ZMODEM r (recover/resume) option. EXAMPLE: rc -a program.c receives program.c and converts end of lines to CR/LF. (C) 1989 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 18 Protocol File Transfer OPTIONS Version 17.50 TurboDial 2.33 Universal Line Printer Edition ZCOMM User Manual 145 b (Binary) With ZMODEM, inhibits the receiver from translating the file contents. If either the ZMODEM sender or receiver specifies b option, any contrary requests will be ignored. EXAMPLE: sz -b program.exe c Use CRC-16 with the rx, rt, and r7 commands. e Normally, ZMODEM senders escape XON, XOFF, Ctrl-P, CR-@-CR, and Ctrl-X, and ZMODEM receivers ignore XON and XOFF. The e option escape all control characters when sending files with the ZMODEM protocol. In 7-bit environments, the e option also escapes RUBOUT (7F).[1] This option is useful when operating with brain damaged data PBX systems and other types of "front ends". SEE ALSO: zmtxesc, zmrxesc string parameters E With ZMODEM-90, force 8th bit encoding even if the transmission medium appears to support 8 bits.[2] f Send the full pathname as specified (exclusive of disk identifier) when using a batch send command. Normally only the file name portion (without any directory prefix) is transmitted. The f option applies to batch file transmission with the kermit sb, sb, send, and sz commands. EXAMPLE: cd /src; sz -f robot/r2d2.h sends the file with the pathname robot/r2d2.h. EXAMPLE: sz -f /src/robot/vox/3tpi0.* SEE ALSO: PREFIX=p flag for the sb and sz commands. F Insert a pause after each transmitted data subpacket transmitted with ZMODEM. This is useful in certain situations when conventional flow control methods are unavailable, ineffective, or unreasonably slow (i.e., "broken"). The length of pause is set by the zmodem F numeric parameter. EXAMPLE: sz -F honker.dat __________ 1. In 7-bit environments, ZMODEM-7 always escapes FF. 2. Not supported in DSZ.COM. (C) 1989 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 18 Protocol File Transfer OPTIONS Version 17.50 TurboDial 2.33 Universal Line Printer Edition ZCOMM User Manual 146 SEE ALSO: zmodem F numeric parameter g Given to the receiving program, the g option to the rb command allows the sender and receiver to dispense with acknowledging each transmitted packet when using YMODEM batch transfers. YMODEM-g increases throughput when the transmitting medium itself (direct connection, X.PC session, or error correcting modems) provides error free transmission. The transmitting medium can use XOFF and XON to enforce flow control. If the transmitting medium does not enforce flow control,[3] the user must insure the receiver is not overrun. ZCOMM on a PC or XT accepts data at 9600 bps without flow control when the file is being written to a hard disk or ramdisk.[4] If an error is detected when the g option is used, the transfer is aborted. EXAMPLE: rb -g The g option may also be used with the rx command to receive files from Qmodem's G protocol. k Use 1024 byte (1K) packets with the sb and sx commands. The default packet length is 128. This increases throughput when the speed is high relative to the response times of the communications channel and the computers. The k option is useful with 9600 or 19200 bps transfers with directly connected timesharing systems. The k option may not work properly uploading to some systems, particularly heavily loaded or poorly implemented timesharing systems at high speeds. The k option is valid only when sending to ZCOMM, Unix rb, or other compatible programs. If the file length is not a multiple of 1024, the remainder of the file will be sent with 128 byte blocks. This option does not affect Kermit transfers. EXAMPLE: sb -k *.c *.h With the sz command, the k option forces an initial 1024 byte subpacket length. __________ 3. X.PC automatically enforces end to end flow control. 4. Provided no memory resident programs or special drivers hog CPU cycles. (C) 1989 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 18 Protocol File Transfer OPTIONS Version 17.50 TurboDial 2.33 Universal Line Printer Edition ZCOMM User Manual 147 EXAMPLE: sz -k *.c *.h l Force incoming pathnames that are all uppercase to lower case. This is reset by the call command. This option is ignored on DOS and OS/2. m (ZMODEM-90) Activate Moby Turbo(TM) for maximum throughput on compressed files sent over completely transparent connections. Moby Turbo can not be used with software flow control or over networks that reserve control characters. M Lock out Moby Turbo even if the other program has given the m option. This is useful if the transmission path does not support complete transparency. n (ZMODEM) Each file is transferred if the corresponding destination file does not exist, or if the source file is newer. The n option can be given with either the sz or rz commands. This option is not allowed if the receiver is Restricted. EXAMPLE: sz -n *.* attempts to send all files in the current directory. Only those files that do not exist in the destination directory, and those for which the source is newer will be sent. N (ZMODEM) Transfer the file if the corresponding destination file does not exist, or if the source file is newer or longer. The N option be used with the sz and rz commands. This option is not allowed if the receiver is Restricted. EXAMPLE: sz -N *.* p (ZMODEM) Protect destination file; bypass this file if it already exists on the destination system. P (ZMODEM-90) When transferring files over 7 bit paths, pack 4 8-bit bytes into 5 7-bit bytes for transmission instead of quoting the 8th bit.[5] This increases transmission speed on compressed files. q (Quiet) suppresses block by block status line update during Kermit and X/YMODEM file transfers. __________ 5. Not supported in DSZ.COM. (C) 1989 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 18 Protocol File Transfer OPTIONS Version 17.50 TurboDial 2.33 Universal Line Printer Edition ZCOMM User Manual 148 r (ZMODEM) Resume/Recover an interrupted file transfer with the ZMODEM protocol. May be given with either the sz or rz commands. The r option may be used to resume the transmission of a long file after a disconnect or power loss, without having to start over at the beginning of the file. The r option may also be used when the source file grows from time to time and only the incremental portion needs to be sent. The r option assumes that the contents of the destination file are identical to the corresponding beginning portion of the source file. The r option should not be applied to a file that has been modified by the a option, or to a file that has been edited on the destination system. This option is not allowed if the receiver is Restricted. EXAMPLE: sz -r hugefile.lst rr As above, but the files are compared by taking a 32 bit CRC on the contents before deciding on whether to start a fresh transfer. EXAMPLE: sz -rr maybenewer.lst With the -rr option, all of the files are compared or transmitted by default. The number of bytes used in the comparision may be restricted by setting the zmodem R numeric parameter to a number between 2048 and 32000 (1 billion on 32 bit flavors). EXAMPLE: zmodem pR20000 R (32 bit Unix systems) Recursively descend directories specified in wild cards when expanding file names. EXAMPLE: sz -Rf src Sends the files in the src directory and its dubdirectories (R option), and transmits the full relative pathname (f option). SEE ALSO: f option s SlugBait modifies the logic of ZMODEM sending to detect and report attempts at evading accountability for receiving files. Such attempts are flagged with a Q status in the log of sent files. SnailBait adds a slight delay to file transmission, and a transfer that is cut off at the very end of file may very infrequently be reported with Questionable instead of ERROR status. S When sending file(s) with ZMODEM, interrogate the receiving prgram for its serial number. S option terminates when a serial number is received or when the call command is given. Receiving file(s) with (C) 1989 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 18 Protocol File Transfer OPTIONS Version 17.50 TurboDial 2.33 Universal Line Printer Edition ZCOMM User Manual 149 YMODEM or ZMODEM from programs providing a serial number also provides the other program's serial number. The serial number received is listed by the performance log. t Enter the term function after file transfer(s) complete. The t option should not be used in commands given from within the term function, either directly or with soft key definitions. u Unlink (remove, delete) the file after it has been sent with the sz command. v View the data being transmitted or received. Only correct data is displayed. Viewing standard ASCII files does not interfere with correct transmission at high speeds, although throughput may be degraded. The output may be redirected to a capture file or DOS device with the > or >> command. Unless output is redirected, this option must not be used when ZCOMM is in Host Operation. wN Use a window size of N bytes with the sz command, overriding the zmodem w numeric parameter. If N is missing, use a ZMODEM window size of 4096 bytes. SEE ALSO: Flow Control Chapter 13, zmodem w numeric parameter WN Request the sending program to use a window size of N bytes, overriding the sender's window size setting, 4096 bytes if N is missing.[6] y Yes it is OK to replace a file already on disk when receiving a file. If absent, the operator is given a choice of appending to the current file (a), erasing it (y) or aborting (n). This option is not allowed if ZCOMM is Restricted. When sending with ZMODEM, commands the receiver to replace a file on its disk. Y (ZMODEM) Transfer only those files for which a file with the same pathname exists at the destination, overwriting the destination files. The Y option may be followed by other ZMODEM options to further qualify the selection of files to transfer. This option is not allowed if ZCOMM is Restricted. EXAMPLE: sz -Yn *.* If the source directory contains files A, B, and C, each dated today, and the destination directory contains B __________ 6. The W option is supported when receiving files from ZMODEM-90(TM) program versions after Jan 21 1990. (C) 1989 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 18 Protocol File Transfer OPTIONS Version 17.50 TurboDial 2.33 Universal Line Printer Edition ZCOMM User Manual 150 and C, with B a week old and C dated today, only B will be sent. zT Use T minutes behind GMT (Greenwich Mean Time) as the local timezone instead of the z parameter value for the file(s) transferred with this command. EXAMPLE: sb -k -z300 ESTfile sends ESTfile corrected for creation in Eastern Standard Time. Z Transmit files with compression. The ZMODEM receiver must indicate its ability to decompress received files for this option to take effect. When sending between Unix systems, files are compressed with 12 bit Lempel-Ziv compression. Otherwise, packets are transmitted with Run Length Encoding. Over slow channels, compression increases the transmission speed of compiler listings, screen dumps, etc. by up to 50 per cent. LZW compression is more effective on more types of data than RLE compression. Some files, including the Personal Computing Magazine ASCII Test File, speed up by more than an order of magnitude with either RLE or LZW compression. Heavily encrypted data and compressed files, including ARC and ZOO archives, do not benefit from ZMODEM compression. The situation with fast compressed modems is more complex. The benefits of ZMODEM compression will depend on the particular application; try the transfers with and without ZMODEM compression to determine the most efficient options. (C) 1989 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 18 Modes